TABLE  2: LIST OF COUNTRIES AFFECTED BY MALARIA1 COUNTRY TIME OF YEAR AREA OF RISK CSA CRB Afghanistan May - November Areas below 2000m.   X Algeria Throughout the year One small focus in Ihrir (Illizi Dept.) X NPC   Angola Throughout the year Whole country.   X Argentina October - May Rural areas below 1200m along borders with Bolivia and Paraguay. X   Azerbaijan Throughout the year Southern areas and Khachmas region in the north. No risk in Baku.   X Bangladesh Throughout the year Whole country, except no risk in city of Dhaka.   X Belize Throughout the year Rural areas. X   Benin Throughout the year Whole country.   X Bhutan Throughout the year Southern districts bordering India.   X Bolivia Throughout the year Rural areas below 2500 m, except n western areas.               CR -  Areas bordering Brazil X               CS -  Other areas X Botswana November - June Northern regions e.g. Boteti, Chobe, Ngamiland, Okavango, Tutume.   X Brazil Throughout the year Rural areas below 900m. No risk in eastern areas and in cities of  Rio de Janeiro and Sao Paulo.   X Burkina Faso Throughout the year Whole country.   X Burundi Throughout the year Whole country.   X Cambodia Throughout the year Whole country, except Phnom Penh area and close around Tonle Sap. X CR + MRD - Western areas X CR - Other areas X Cameroon Throughout the year Whole country.   X Cape Verde September - November Limited to island of São Tiago. X NP   Central African Republic Throughout the year Whole country.   X Chad Throughout the year Whole country.   X China Throughout the year Rural areas below 1500m. Not in Beijing and some other cities. X CR - Hainan and Yunnan X CS - Other areas X Columbia Throughout the year Rural areas below 800m. No risk in Bogota and vicinity.   X Comoros Throughout the year Whole country.   X Congo Throughout the year Whole country.   X Costa Rica Throughout the year Rural areas below 700m. X   Côte d'lvoire (IvoryCoast) Throughout the year Whole country.   X Djibouti Throughout the year Whole country.   X Dominican Republic Throughout the year Whole country. X   Ecuador Throughout the year Areas below 1500m, along eastern border and the Pacific coast.   X Egypt June - October Only in El Faiy m area. X   El Salvador Throughout the year Whole country. X   Equatorial Guinea Throughout the year Whole country.   X Eritrea Throughout the year Areas below 2000m. No risk in city of Asmara.   X Ethiopia Throughout the year Areas below 2000m. No risk in city of Addis Ababa.   X French Guiana Throughout the year All regions of the interior.   X Gabon Throughout the year Whole country.   X Gambia Throughout the year Whole country.   X Ghana Throughout the year Whole country.   X Guatemala Throughout the year Areas below 1500m. X   Guinea Throughout the year Whole country.   X Guinea-Bissau Throughout the year Whole country.   X Guyana Throughout the year All areas, except north eastern coastal area.   X Haiti Throughout the year Areas below 300m. X   Honduras Throughout the year Mainly in rural areas. X   Hong Kong Throughout the year Occasional risk in certain rural areas. X NPC   India Throughout the year Areas below 2000m excluding states of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu,  Kashmir and Sikkim.   X Indonesia Throughout the year Mainly in rural areas. No risk in big cities and tourist resorts  of Java and Bali.   X Iran March- November Whole country, except central areas. CR - South eastern areas X CS - Other areas X Iraq May - November Some northern areas below 1500m. X   Kenya Throughout the year Areas below 2500m. Very low risk in city of Nairobi.   X Laos Throughout the year Whole country. No risk in city of Vientiane.   X Liberia Throughout the year Whole country.   X Libya February - August Very limited risk in two small foci in south-west X NP   Madagascar Throughout the year Whole country.   X Malawi Throughout the year Whole country.   X Malaysia Throughout the year Some rural areas only. Urban and coastal areas are malaria free  except Sabah.   X Mali Throughout the year Whole country.   X Mauritania Throughout the year Southern areas.   X Mauritius Throughout the year Rural areas in north only. No risk on Rodrigues Island. X NP   Mayotte Throughout the year Whole country.   X Mexico Throughout the year Some rural areas not often visited by tourists. X   Morocco May - October Limited risk in some rural areas. X NP   Mozambique Throughout the year Whole country.   X Myanmar (Burma) Throughout the year Areas below 1000m.   X Namibia Throughout the year Along Kavango River and Caprivi strip. X November - June Other areas north from Etosha. X Nepal Throughout the year Rural areas along Indian border.   X Nicaragua June - December Rural areas and outskirts of some towns. X   Niger Throughout the year Whole country.   X Nigeria Throughout the year Whole country.   X Oman Throughout the year Areas below 2000m, except in desert areas.   X Pakistan Throughout the year Areas below 2000m.   X Panama Throughout the year Whole country. X   Papua New Guinea Throughout the year Areas below 1800m.   X Paraguay October - May Rural areas bordering Brazil. X   Peru Throughout the year Rural areas below 1500m.                  CR -  Areas bordering Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and Equador X                 CS -  Other areas X Philippines Throughout the year Many rural areas below 600m. No risk in urban areas or in the  plains.   X Rwanda Throughout the year Whole country.   X Sao Tome and Principe Throughout the year Whole country.   X Saudi Arabia Throughout the year Western provinces except in high altitude areas, Yemen border and  urban areas of Jeddah, Mecca, Medina and Taif.   X Senegal Throughout the year Whole country.   X Sierra Leone Throughout the year Whole country.   X Solomon Islands Throughout the year Whole country, except in a few eastern and southern outlying  islets.   X Somalia Throughout the year Whole country.   X South Africa (see part on South Africa) October - May Lower altitude areas of Northern Province, Mpumalanga and north  eastern areas of Kwazulu-Natal.   X Sri Lanka Throughout the year Whole country, except in districts of Colombo, Kalutara and  Nuwara Eliya.   X Sudan Throughout the year Whole country.   X Suriname Throughout the year Whole country, except coastal areas.   X Swaziland Throughout the year Lowveld areas. No risk in Mbabane.   X Syrian Arab Republic May - October Along northern border areas. X   Tajikistan Throughout the year Some southern border areas. X   Tanzania Throughout the year Areas below 1800m.   X Thailand Throughout the year Rural areas only. No risk in cities and main tourist resorts e.g.  Bangkok, Chaingmai, Pattaya and Phuket.. X CR + MRC- Areas near Cambodian and Myanmar borders. X CR - All other areas. X Togo Throughout the year Whole country.   X Turkey March - November South East Anatolia from coastal city of Mersin to Iraqi border. X   Uganda Throughout the year Whole country.   X United Arab Emirates Throughout the year Only in foothill areas and valleys in mountainous regions of  northern region. No risk in cities e.g. Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman and  Umm al Qaiwain.   X Vanuatu Throughout the year Whole country, except Fatunu Island.   X Venezuela Throughout the year Rural areas, except in the north western coastal areas.   X Vietnam Throughout the year Rural areas only. No risk in Red River Delta.   X Zaire Throughout the year Whole country.   X Zambia Throughout the year Whole country.   X Zimbabwe Throughout the year November - June Zambezi valley. X Areas below 1200m, including Victoria Falls. No risk in city of  Harare. X A Chloroquine-sensitive malaria parasites in this area. Prophylaxis:  chloroquine only B Chloroquine-resistant malaria parasites in this area. Prophylaxis:  chloroquine + proguanil or mefloquine alone C Risk of malaria is very low. No antimalarial drugs recommended D Chloroquine and mefloquine-resistant malaria parasites in this area.  Prophylaxis: doxycycline The  guidelines are endorsed by the Medical Association of South Africa. Compiled by the Department of Health in  collaboration with the Subcommittee for Chemoprophylaxis and Therapy of the National  Malaria Advisory Group. October 1996